Ceci est une ancienne révision du document !
# dmesg | grep disk[ 1.979182] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk [ 7098.619891] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Stopping disk [ 7099.957395] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Starting disk [25933.946087] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Stopping disk [25935.329464] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Starting disk [26805.193511] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Stopping disk [26806.560883] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Starting disk [29011.221937] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Stopping disk [29012.578359] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Starting disk [42879.966037] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Stopping disk [42881.326802] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Starting disk
Le disque est donc sda
L'utilitaire est smartctl , il fait partie du paquet smartmontools, non présent par défaut. on l'installe.
# apt-get install smartmontools Les NOUVEAUX paquets suivants vont être installés : exim4-base{a} exim4-config{a} exim4-daemon-light{a} guile-2.2-libs{a} libgnutls-dane0{a} libgsasl7{a} libkyotocabinet16v5{a} libmailutils5{a} libntlm0{a} libunbound8{a} mailutils{a} mailutils-common{a} psmisc{a} smartmontools 0 paquets mis à jour, 14 nouvellement installés, 0 à enlever et 3 non mis à jour. Il est nécessaire de télécharger 11,1 Mo d'archives. Après dépaquetage, 60,1 Mo seront utilisés. Voulez-vous continuer ? [Y/n/?] Y
Cet utilitaire est un outil administrateur, il sera installé dans /usr/sbin
whereis smartctl smartctl: /usr/sbin/smartctl /usr/share/man/man8/smartctl.8.gz
# smartctl -i /dev/sda martctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-5-amd64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: Samsung based SSDs Device Model: Samsung SSD 840 EVO 250GB Serial Number: S1DBNSBF753656V LU WWN Device Id: 5 002538 8a05cee2f Firmware Version: EXT0BB6Q User Capacity: 250 059 350 016 bytes [250 GB] Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical Rotation Rate: Solid State Device Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show] ATA Version is: ACS-2, ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4c SATA Version is: SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s) Local Time is: Wed Jun 12 17:25:53 2019 CEST SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled
# /usr/sbin/smartctl -a /dev/sda smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-5-amd64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF INFORMATION SECTION === Model Family: Samsung based SSDs Device Model: Samsung SSD 840 EVO 250GB Serial Number: S1DBNSBF753656V LU WWN Device Id: 5 002538 8a05cee2f Firmware Version: EXT0BB6Q User Capacity: 250 059 350 016 bytes [250 GB] Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical Rotation Rate: Solid State Device Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show] ATA Version is: ACS-2, ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4c SATA Version is: SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s) Local Time is: Wed Jun 12 17:27:10 2019 CEST SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability. SMART support is: Enabled === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED General SMART Values: Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity was never started. Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled. Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed without error or no self-test has ever been run. Total time to complete Offline data collection: ( 4800) seconds. Offline data collection capabilities: (0x53) SMART execute Offline immediate. Auto Offline data collection on/off support. Suspend Offline collection upon new command. No Offline surface scan supported. Self-test supported. No Conveyance Self-test supported. Selective Self-test supported. SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering power-saving mode. Supports SMART auto save timer. Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported. General Purpose Logging supported. Short self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes. Extended self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 80) minutes. SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported. SCT Error Recovery Control supported. SCT Feature Control supported. SCT Data Table supported. SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 1 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 098 098 000 Old_age Always - 6547 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 097 097 000 Old_age Always - 2138 177 Wear_Leveling_Count 0x0013 091 091 000 Pre-fail Always - 103 179 Used_Rsvd_Blk_Cnt_Tot 0x0013 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0 181 Program_Fail_Cnt_Total 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0 182 Erase_Fail_Count_Total 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0 183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0013 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0 187 Uncorrectable_Error_Cnt 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0 190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0032 074 052 000 Old_age Always - 26 195 ECC_Error_Rate 0x001a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 199 CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 2 235 POR_Recovery_Count 0x0012 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 113 241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 38748012777 SMART Error Log Version: 1 No Errors Logged SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error # 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 0 - # 2 Short offline Completed without error 00% 0 - # 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 2 - SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1 SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS 1 0 0 Not_testing 2 0 0 Not_testing 3 0 0 Not_testing 4 0 0 Not_testing 5 0 0 Not_testing Selective self-test flags (0x0): After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk. If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
La ligne la plus importante est celle-ci.
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
Si le résultat est différent, il est vivement recommandé d'effectuer des sauvegardes immédiates de ce disque
Une autre ligne importante est celle-ci , elle montrera on non la présence de badblocks
187 Uncorrectable_Error_Cnt 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
/usr/sbin/smartctl -H /dev/sda smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-5-amd64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
# /usr/sbin/smartctl -c /dev/sda ..... Short self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes. Extended self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 80) minutes.
Le test court est estimé à 2 minutes (prenez un café), le long à 80 minutes (prenez quelques apéros…)
/usr/sbin/smartctl -t short /dev/sda smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-5-amd64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION === Sending command: "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode". Drive command "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful. Testing has begun. Please wait 2 minutes for test to complete. Test will complete after Wed Jun 12 17:42:56 2019 Use smartctl -X to abort test.
# /usr/sbin/smartctl -l selftest /dev/sda *smartctl 6.6 2017-11-05 r4594 [x86_64-linux-4.19.0-5-amd64] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-17, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1 Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error # 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 0 - # 2 Short offline Completed without error 00% 0 - # 3 Short offline Completed without error 00% 0 - # 4 Short offline Completed without error 00% 2 -
Même protocole mais avec l'option -t long
Ce démon va permettre d'automatiser les tâches précédentes.
Pour cela, il va falloir paramétrer le fichier de configuration de smartmontools, c'est à dire le fichier /etc/smartd.conf . (utiliser nano, xed, vi, vim ou n'importe quel éditeur…)
Premièrement rechercher la ligne suivante et commenter la.
DEVICESCAN -d removable -n standby -m root -M exec /usr/share/smartmontools/smartd-runner
Elle devient donc
# DEVICESCAN -d removable -n standby -m root -M exec /usr/share/smartmontools/smartd-runner
Liser le fichier, vous y trouverez peut-être des informations intéressantes (même sûrement, sans doute…)
Pour scanner votre disque /dev/sda, ajouter la ligne
/dev/sda -a -d sat -o on -S on -s (S/../.././01|L/../../1/03) -m root -M exec /usr/share/smartmontools/smartd-runner
Faire de même pour tous les autres disques, par exemple si sdb également
/dev/sdb -a -d sat -o on -S on -s (S/../.././02|L/../../2/03) -m root -M exec /usr/share/smartmontools/smartd-runner
On va passer des options supplémataire au démon de smartctl afin qu'il gére correctement le disque
Si vous en voulez dans une boite personnelle en plus
Redémarrer le démon smartmontools pour prise en compte des modifications
# /etc/init.d/smartmontools restart
Dernière étape, lancer le démon smartmontools au démarrage du système. Editer le fichier /etc/default/smartmontools Et décommenter la ligne
# uncomment to start smartd on system startup #start_smartd=yes
Qui devient
# uncomment to start smartd on system startup start_smartd=yes
Sauvegarder
Plus d'informations : https://sourceforge.net/projects/smartmontools/
